make若用于被动语态，原有后接动词原形要改为带to不定式(另见语法6的类似说法)：

I made him wait for long. →He was made to wait for long。

3get + sb / sth to do sth。让…做某事。He got Peter to buy him a pen。

4have + 宾语+ 动词原形 / ing / 过去分词

Have him do it, please。让他做它吧。(him 和 do 逻辑上形成主谓关系，do用原形。)

We had the machine working。我们让机器一直工作着。(让某物一直在进行着某事。)

We had the machine repaired。我们让人修理了那台机器(让机器被修理了，表被动。)

5也都可接形容词：keep safe / busy, keep the door closed / open,

make us happy, get the door closed, have everything ready. get her ears pierced。

15.used短语：used to + 动原，“过去常常” He used to smoke。

be used to 译为“被用于…”，后接动原。 It is used to cut things. (主语是物)

be used to 译为“习惯于…”，后接动词ing或名词 / 代词. (主语常是人)

如：He’s used to working late. We are used to the country life. Are you used to it?

be used for “被用于…”，后接名词或动词ing (主语也是物) 如：

English is used for business. Knives are used for cutting things。

16. through / past / across 区别： 都可作介词，“穿过”，前常有位移动词(以下黑体部分)。

He climbed through the window and saw what he could take away. (从窗户内部经过)

He went past me without saying any words. (从我旁边经过)

He swam across the river. (从河的表面经过)【through,内部; past,旁边; across,表面】

位移动词 + past 有时相当于动词pass; 位移动词 + across有时相当于动词cross。

17.the number of / a number of: 前者“…的数量”;后者“许多的”

都跟可数名词复数。前者作主语，谓语用单数;后者作主语，谓语用复数。

The number of the trees is two thousand. (用单数谓语. 另注意trees前有限定词)

A number of trees have been cut down. (用复数谓语. 另注意trees前无限定词)

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