2011公共英语考试语法结构解题技巧案例分析

2011-01-12 16:37:12 字体放大:  

语法结构

考查语法结构的题在这一节试题中占很大比重。考查的主要语法点包括:名词的单复数;名词所有格;基数词和序数词;形容词和副词的比较级、最高级;代词、介词、冠词、连词等的用法;情态动词及助动词;动词时态及各种变化形式;宾语从句;状语从句等等。特别应注意的是特定语境中使用的时态、语态和惯用语。

【例题1】

Twelve ____ were hurt, but no ___ were lost in that accident.

[A]person, life

[B]people, lives

[C]peoples, lives

【正确答案】B

【考查要点】名词的单复数、主谓一致。

【名师详解】这里是集合名词,指“人们”,单复数同形,后面是指“生命”,此处根据后面的谓语动词were,应用life的复数形式lives,故选B。

【例题2】

____ mum had asked Mike to close the windows before he went out, ____ Mike forget to do so.

[A]Though,不填

[B]Though, but

[C]Till,不填

【正确答案】A

【考查要点】连词的正确使用。

【名师详解】though意为“尽管”不与but连用,二者只选其一,故选A。

【例题3】

—I made the cake by ___ . Help ____ , Tom.

—Thanks, Jane.

[A]ourselves, yourself

[B]myself, yourself

[C]myself, yourselves

【正确答案】B

【考查要点】代词的用法及习惯用语。

【名师详解】与I相互呼应的反身代词应是myself,Tom 是一个人,这里对Tom一个人说话,应用第二人称对应的惯用语为Help yourself, 故选B。

【例题4】

Your grandpa had walked for two weeks before he reached the city, ____ ?

[A]was it

[B]had you

[C]hadn’t he

【正确答案】C

【考查要点】句子结构:反意疑问句的用法,同时考查了考生对简单表达方式的掌握。

【名师详解】反意疑问句附加问句的助动词与主句助动词的形式相反,主句助动词若用肯定形式,附加问句则用否定形式,根据题意,应选C。

【例题5】

No one knows how the huge rocks ___ and ____ without our modern machines eight hundred years ago.

[A]are cut, moved

[B]were cut, move

[C]were cut, moved

【正确答案】C

【考查要点】动词的时态(一般过去时)和语态(被动语态)。

【名师详解】the huge rocks这里是动作cut的承受者,而非执行者;再考虑时间是eight hundred years ago,最后确定用一般过去时的被动语态:was/were+及物动词的过去分词,故选C。

【例题6】

—When ___ Mr. Harris ____ the town for Sydney?

—I think it ____ last December.

[A]did, leave, was

[B]did, leave, is

[C]has, left, was

【正确答案】A

【考查要点】特定语境中的动词时态(一般过去时)。

【名师详解】解题时注意把前后句结合起来,答句中的last December提示用行为动词的过去式和be动词的过去式,故选A。

【例题7】

You’d better ___ when your mouth is full of food.

[A]don’t speak

[B]not to speak

[C]not speak

【正确答案】C

【考查要点】考查习惯用法,也属于对简单表达方式的考查。

【名师详解】had better的否定形式用“had better not+动词原形”,故选C。