该类试题多为一个说话人提出问题、发出邀请或表明自己的观点等,另一个人不做出正面的回答，而是说出一些表面上毫不相关的话，或反问做答，或重复对方话语的一部分。这类题目要求大家能够听懂说话人的弦外之音，做出正确的判断来。常见的提问形式有：What does the man(woman) mean?/What can we infer from the conversation?/What do we learn from the man's(woman's) reply?

例1： W: I'm thinking of taking five courses next term.

M: Wouldn't four be wiser?

Q: What does the man imply about the course?

A. Five may be too many.

B. The decision must be made soon.

C. It would be smart to take more.

[分析]第二个说话人用反问的形式“你不觉得选四门更明智吗?”来暗示选五门可能太多了。故正确的答案为 A。

例2： M: Did you watch the midnight film last night?

W: Yes, I watched part of it.

M: I really liked it. I thought it was really exciting.

W: Exciting? I fell asleep during the film.

Q: How did the woman feel about the film?

A. Enjoyable.  B. Inspiring.  C. Dull.

[分析]女的说话时，用升调重复了 exciting 一词，表示不同意对方的意见，接着还说她在看电影时还睡着了。进一步说明她对电影不感兴趣。故正确答案为 C。

关于主题内容试题

这一类试题主要问的是该对话的主题内容是什么。它的特点是：对话双方都在谈一个内容，或是都在谈一件事情、一个人，这就要求大家要注意对话的完整性，在答题时要把对话的两方联系起来考虑。一般来说应该更注意第一个说话人所说的关键词语，它往往引出了一个话题。常见的提问形式有：What are they talking about?/What are the main idea of the conversation? 等。

例1：

M: Hello, Sally, do you still remember the other day when we were talking about the novel “Harry  Potter” and you said you’d like to meet the author?

W: Yes, why?

M: Well, she’s here at our university now.

W: Oh, really? How wonderful! Do you think we’ll have a chance to meet her?

M: Yes, of course.

Q: What are the man and woman talking about?

A. A novel.   B. A meeting.  C. A writer.

[分析]该对话主要说的是一本小说作者的情况，故正确的答案为 C。

例2：

M: What’s your view on the problem of terrorism?

W: In my view, terrorism has to be destroyed, or we’ll face serious problems.

M: What do you mean by serious problems?

W: Well, what I’m trying to say is that safety will be a big problem, if the situation keeps going worse.

M: You have a point there.

Q: What are they talking about?

A. Serious pollution.

B. Economic problems.

C. Security.

[分析]该对话开门见山地提出了 terrorism 这一话题，它与安全有直接关系。对话就是围绕这一主题来展开的。故正确的答案为 C。

听力试题独白部分解题技巧

高考听力部分最后一段为独白。题材涉及日常生活、文化习俗、历史、新闻时事和人物等方面，考生既要掌握材料的主旨大意，也要获取有效的事实细节，并根据材料进行简单的推理。由于听录音不像阅读那样反复琢磨原文，它的语流具有瞬时性和流动性，只有两次机会，以致于在考试中许多考生边听边忘，抓不住中心大意，只抓住支离破碎的几个词或几句话，回答问题时，无从做答。还有的考生在听音过程中什么都记，结果什么都没记住。那么如何才能有效提高听力独白题的得分率呢?

浏览问题及选项

拿到考卷之后，应迅速阅读问题及选择项，根据关键信息推测出该短文的主要内容，并明确听音目的，为追寻答题所需的关键信息做准备。

例如: NMET99 第十段听力材料：

Now about the news. An early morning fire damaged the historic Gella House today. It destroyed the third floor of the building but fire fighters saved the first and second floors. There were only a few elderly people living in the building at the time and they were carried out to safety. The Gella House was built in 1718 and was used as a hotel for over 150 years. George Washington stayed here in 1782. The Gella family owned the building until the 1930's.Then they sold it to the Mill's family. Five years ago it was made into a building for the elderly. Several fire departments were called to the scene. When we asked Fire Chief Andrew Barnes how the fire started, he answered that most likely a burning cigarette caused it. Chief Barnes promised to further examine the cause.

所给问题保留原题号：

17. Where did the fire probably start?

A. On the first floor.

B. On the second floor.

C. On the third floor.

18. When was the building built?

A. In 1718.   B. In 1782.    C. In 1930.

19. What was the building used as at the time of the fire?

A. A hotel.    B. An old people's home.    C. A history museum.

20. Who is Andrew Barnes?

A. A newspaper reporter.

B. The owner of the building.

C. The head of the fire department.

首先快速阅读四个问题，通过关键词：fire, building 可推测出该短文是叙述一建筑物发生大火。发生的时间、地点、原因、结果、人物应是这篇听力材料的主要内容，其次快速浏览选项，以便听时有的放矢，对号入座，迅速做出反应，有选择地获取相关信息;根据问题，在听时应着重注意大火发生的地点 place (与第 17 题有关)、大楼建的时间 when (与第18 题有关)、大楼的作用 what (与第 19 题有关) 以及 Andrew Barnes 的身份 who (与第20题有关)。遇到与解题无关而又没听懂的细节时不必紧张，而要集中精力去捕捉相关解题的信息，放弃无效、听不懂的内容。

答案分别为17.C;18.A;19.B;20.C

捕捉主题，了解大意

听力独白部分虽然其内容涉及面广，但每一篇总有一个主题思想，是围绕一个话题来叙述或议论的。作者通过这一主题思想(或话题)来阐述自己的观点、看法或介绍相关细节;把握了解中心思想，也就清楚了作者的意图，从而有了听的思路和进一步获取信息、选择正确答案的基础。在听音之前把所有与这段材料有关的问题及选项快速浏览一遍，推测主题。听音过程中，应充分利用篇章结构知识中的首句、主题句等信息的载体单位，去捕捉大意，找出要听出的材料是有关哪一方面的内容。

英语文章尤其是论述文和说明文，基本上是由主题段、描写或解说段、过渡段以及结论段所组成的。而一个段落则往往由主题句、扩展句或解说句和结论句所构成的。因此，听时就要设法听出主题句来，利用语篇知识获取所需信息。主题句大都位于文章的开头，开门见山地交待自己的观点，点明文章的主题;有时也在文章的尾部加以概括总结;或是文章中部的一句话;或是被内容暗示出来。

如： NMET98 第 6 段材料，听完开头Good morning，everybody.My topic for today is “Early Money”.I'm going to tell you something about money used in the early days.则可知这篇讲话是说明早期货币的有关事情。结合本段所设题第 18 题便可得知文章主题。

18. The speaker wants to tell the 1isteners about

A. how money came into being.

B.the kind of things which served as money in the past.

C.how the value of money was decided.

根据文章主题大意，本题答案为 B。

再如：CCTV NEWS---Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference is opened today in the Great Hall of the People. 2150 CPPCC members from across the country attend the conference. During the conference the delegations will elect the new leaders and consult some important issues, giving some recommendations.

What is the main purpose of CPPCC ?

A. electing new leaders  B. consult some issues  C. A and B

这是一则时事新闻，根据问题“此次政协会议的意图是什么”，结合关键词 elect 及 CPPCC 常识，得出结论 C 为正确答案。

.  根据关键信息，结合关键词答题

在听录音时，尤其是在听长段材料或新闻报道类文字时，要抓主要词汇，抓关键信息，也就是要对关键部分来进行思考、对答，有选择地获取有效信息，因为我们在听一段材料时，不可能记住所有信息，这就需要在预测的基础上，带着问题，抓住所需关键信息，这样可以提高答题的效率和准确率。如：

Dear Linying,

Christmas is coming soon. The radio station is playing Christmas music, and the stores are very busy. People are doing their Christmas shopping. Many families have Christmas trees in their homes already. We are going to buy our tree a few days before Christmas.

At this time of the year we make or buy presents for our families. I am going to buy a record for my elder brother. He listens to music all the time. I am going to make a toy for my little brother.

Our family is usually together on Christmas Day. My elder brother lives in another town, but he always drives his car here. Last year, however, he didn't come because it was snowing very hard and the roads were too dangerous. We all felt sad.

I hope we are going to be together again this year. My elder brother is going to arrive before Christmas Eve. Then we are going to put up the tree in the living room. We put the presents under the tree. We won't open them until Christmas morning.

Do you celebrate Christmas in your country? Write soon.

Your friend,

Mike

1. What are people busy with before Christmas?

A. Doing Christmas shopping.

B. Decorating their Christmas trees.

C. Getting ready for Christmas.

答案 C,根据第一句话中的关键词 Christmas is coming，及问题“What are people busy with before Christmas?”便可得出正确答案 C。而 A、B 都只是“圣诞节”之前忙碌的一部分。

2. What is Mike going to buy for his elder brother?

A.  A toy.   B.  A recorder.   C.  A record.

答案C，根据问题中的关键词 What;to buy;elder 再结合三个选项，基本上断定在 B, C 间选择。听时着重这一内容便可得出正确选项。

3. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Christmas is a festival for family reunion.

B. Mike’s elder brother will come back home for Christmas.

C. People are busy with all kinds of preparations before Christmas.

答案 C，此题与第一题呼应，表明主题。

.  根据文章体裁寻找具体信息

由于不同文体的文章其内容的侧重点以及考题的偏重点也都各不相同，所以考生在预测时最好估计一下文章的属性，根据所设问题有针对性地去听内容。如新闻报道要特别注意事件的导语中的时间、地点、人物、事件，以及经过、结果，即 when，where，who, what，how 等。名人传记类侧重人物的出生年月、地点、 家庭背景、个人经历、突出贡献及轶闻趣事等。例如，听完一篇短文的开头 Albert Einstein，a famous scientist，was born in 1879 后，我们可预知可能是一篇有关人物故事的叙述文章，把握了这一点后就要集中精力去听与主人公的生平有关的信息，如出生、家庭、工作、生活、贡献、人物、性格等有关细节，说明文是用于说明事物的，它主要介绍事物的性质、特点、成因、形态和功能，所以在听这类文章时，我们要注意“是什么”、“怎么样”、“为什么”等具体信息。例如，在听NMET98第六段讲话开头：My topic for today is“Early Money”.不仅告诉了本文的主题，也说明了这是一篇说明文。在听后面的内容时，就要注意听在过去哪些东西可以用来做钱币，为什么可以当作钱币。书信题材的听力文章则可能涉及“写信双方的关系”，“写信意图”等。

如：(2002上海听力试题part C)

It's twelve o'clock, time for Australia Educational News in brief.

Sydney ---Yesterday, 370 primary school students participated in a clean-up event. The event aims to help maintain litter control within the National Forest Park. Students are interested in environmental issues. They are keen to be green and clean.

Gold Coast --- High School Students hold a painting exhibition at the Gold Coast. The exhibition reflects the high achievement levels of students studying watercolor painting at different schools.

Brisbane --- Queensland schools have moved one step closer to being linked to the global education community through the World Wide Web. State Education Minister Mr. Bob Quinn says that the new website often provides endless professional development opportunities for both students and teachers.

Again Brisbane --- 6,000 school cleaners gathered in front of the town hall to object to the government's decision. The government reached a decision last month to let private companies take over the schools' cleaning.

Questions:

18. What does the news from Sydney tell you?

A. The students planted trees.

B. The students helped the litter control.

C.The students had litter control over the event.

D. The Forest Park was green and clean.

19. What is not included in the news you have just heard?

A. Schools have access to the World Wide Web.

B. Students' paintings are on show.

C. The Minister visited the painting exhibition.

D. The government reached a decision last month.

20. What makes the school cleaners anger with the government?

A. Low pay.              B. Long work hours.

C. Little respect.       D. Fear of losing jobs.

分析：通过第一句话便可得知是有关教育方面的新闻报道，因此特别注意事件的导语中的时间、地点、人物、事件，以及经过、结果等。抓住关键词 students，clean-up，litter control 与 18 题有关;a painting exhibition;linked to… through the World Wide Web;government reached a decision 与 19 题有关;take over the schools' cleaning 与 20 题有关。答案分别为 B;C;D。

借助知识、信息进行正确推理

听力测试内容中常有推理题。推理题的答案不可能在原文中直接找到，它必须是在考生听懂大意，把握有关问题的细节，然后运用语言知识和各种信息进行逻辑分析和推理后方可获得;这就要求我们不仅要知道词句的表面意思，还要了解它们的相互关系和内在涵义。

如：NMET2001听力第十段材料

What happened to me that day is just unbelievable. The first thing to go wrong was that all the parking spaces were taken, so I had to park on the grass and hope that I would not get a parking ticket.

When I got to the Admissions Office, there was already a long line of students waiting. By the time it was my turn, two of the courses I needed were filled, and I had to go back to my advisor and make out a whole new timetable. Although I did sign up for all my courses, I missed lunch. The next thing to go wrong was that the bookstore had sold out of one of the textbooks required. As I was leaving I wondered what else could possibly happen, then I saw a policeman standing beside my car and writing out a ticket.

20. Which of the following words best describes the day the speaker had?

A. Exciting.  B. Unlucky.  C. Tiring.

这是一道概括推理题，要求对一天来发生在 speaker 身上的事进行总结。从一系列不愉快事情，如：停车地点被占满，被迫停在草地上，他想选修的课堂人数已满。误了午饭，书店课本已卖完等，得出答案为 B。

判断推理题的提问形式往往以下列形式出现：

What can we infer from the passage?

What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?

What does the author suggest in this passage?

What can we learn from what the speaker said?