一、用分词作为定语(Attributive)/形容词(Adjective)

1.1分词放在被修饰的名词之前

1.That's an interesting story. (现在分词interesting, 名词story)

2.I hear a barking dog. (barking, dog)

3.I have often seen falling stars. (falling, stars)

4.There is great danger in approaching(靠近) a wounded tiger. (过去分词wounded, 名词tiger)

5.A burnt child dreads(惧怕) the fire. (burnt, child)

1.2如果是分词词组，则放在被修饰的名词之后

1.The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately. (名词boy, 分词词组hurt by the car)

1.3如果被修饰的名词是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等，分词也放在它们的后面

1.There is nothing interesting. (名词nothing, 分词interesting)

2.I felt something crawling up my leg. (something, crawling)

1.4如何分辨作为定语的分词或动名词

1.分词是"有动词性的形容词"，如： I can hear him singing a song.

2.动名词是"有动词性的名词"，如： I do not like his singing.

3.分词和名词间有"主谓关系"，如：a swimming girl (游泳的女孩)(你可说：女孩游泳)

4.动名词和名词间没有"主谓关系"，如：a swimming pool(游泳池)(但你不能说：水池游泳)

三、用分词作为状语(Adverbial Modifier)

3.1用作状语的分词和逻辑主语是"主动关系"。表示动作和谓语的动作同时发生。

1. David was lying in bed crying. (逻辑主语David, 分词crying)

2. We walked along the banks singing merrily.. (逻辑主语we, 分词singing)

3.2现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用现在分词完成式(PresentPerfect Participle)

1.Having written the letter, I went out to post it. (现在完成式分词having written)

2.Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to thecinema. (having seen)

3.3用作状语的分词和逻辑主语有"被动关系"，要用过去分词(Past Participle)

1.We went home exhausted(疲惫地). (逻辑主语we, 过去分词exhausted)

2.Encouraged by my teacher, I decided to work hard. (逻辑主语 I，过去分词encouraged)

3.4用作状语的分词和逻辑主语有"被动关系"，也可用被动式的现在分词(having been + v-ed)

1.Having been invited to speak, I’ll start making preparations tomorrow.(逻辑主语 I, 被动式现在分词having been invited)

3.5 有的分词在句子中没有逻辑主语，这类特别分词有：

regarding 关于，barring 除……以外，concerning 关于，granting /granted(that) 假定、即使，presuming 假定，admitting (that) 承认， considering考虑到，assuming 假设，seeing that 考虑到， supposing (that) 假定，given (that)考虑到、如果……

1.He did poorly in his examinations, considering how hard he had atudied for them.

2.Granted that he has enough money to buy the house, it doesn’t mean he’s going to do so.

3.He asked me questions concerning my health.