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中考英语语法辨析—主谓一致问题

编辑:sx_bilj

2014-01-08

在忙碌的复习中,同学们迎来了2014年的六月,也迎来了2014中考,眼看就到了关键时刻了,想必同学们还在为中考而犯难吧,我们一起来看一下这篇中考英语语法辨析—主谓一致问题吧!

1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即:主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式:如:

The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)

The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)

2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,

① 如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如:

Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)

② 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如:

Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图)

3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。如:

There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊)

There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)

4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数:

The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)

5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如:

The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)

6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如:

A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球)

A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)

7、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。如:

The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果)

Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)

8、 there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如:

There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)

9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如:

Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)

10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如:

A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)

11、either…or…或者 neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如:

Either you or he is right.(要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的)

Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)

12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。如:

Two months is not a short time.(两个月不是个短时间)

Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离)。(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)

13、主语中含有half of… / three quarters of… / all (of) the …等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如:

Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的)

A third of the students were playing near the lake.(学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍)

All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)

但是,population一词又有特殊情况:

What's the population of China?(中国人口是多少?)(句子用单数)

Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人)。(这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用复数)

希望小编的这篇中考英语语法辨析—主谓一致问题能够解大家的燃眉之急,精品学习网在此预祝大家中考顺利!

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