首页 搜课网 精品论坛 学友圈 在线考试 网站地图 合作加盟A European study has revealed that 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices are as effective as their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts in reducing risk factors related to certain diseases. The conclusion is the result of the study designed to question traditional thinking that 100 percent juices play a less significant role in reducing risk for both cancer and cardiovascular disease than whole fruits and vegetables.
Juices are comparable in their ability to reduce risk compared to2 their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts, according to several researchers in the United Kingdom who conducted the literature review. The researchers analyzed a variety of studies that looked at risk reduction attributed to3 the effects of both fiber and antioxidants. As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables.4
“When considering cancer and coronary heart disease5 prevention, there is no evidence that pure fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial than whole fruit and vegetables,” the researchers said. The researchers added that the positioning of juices as being nutritionally inferior to6 whole fruits and vegetables in relationship to chronic disease development is “unjustified” and that policies, which suggest otherwise about fruit and vegetable juices, should be re-examined.
The researchers who authored the paper suggest that more studies in certain area are needed to bolster their findings. “Although this independent review of the literature is not designed to focus on any particular 100 percent juice, it does go a long way7 in demonstrating that fruit and vegetable juices do play an important role in reducing the risk of various diseases, especially cancer and cardiovascular disease,” said Sue Taylor. Her opinion is in agreement with8 the Juice Products Association,9 a non-profit organization not associated with this research. She added that appropriate amounts of juices should be included in the diet of both children and adults, following guidelines established by leading health authorities. Taylor also points to a large epidemiological study, published in the September 2006 issue of the Journal of Medicine, which found that consumption of a variety of 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices was associated with a reduced risk for Alzheimer’s disease.10
In fact, that study found that individuals who drank three or more servings of fruit and vegetable juices per week had a 76 percent lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease than those who drank juice less than once per week. The study was published in the International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition11 (2006).
词汇：
counterpart n. 对应的人或物
cardiovascular adj. 心血管的
comparable adj. ( ~ to/with ) 可与…相比的，比得上…的
fiber ( = fibre ) n. 纤维
antioxidant ( = antioxygen ) n. 抗氧化剂
coronary adj. 冠状的
position n.位置 vt. 安排，安置;定位
nutritionally adv. 营养上
inferior adj. 低等的，劣等的。次的
bolster vt. 支持，支撑
non-profit adj. 不营利的，非营利性的
epidemiologic(al) adj. 流行病学的
serving n. 一份饭菜
注释：
1. veggie ( = veggy ) ：蔬菜( = vegetable )。也可指“素食者”( = vegetarian )。
2. compared to：如果与…比较起来的话。这是一个过去分词短语，作条件状语。另外，美国英语中compare to也有compare with的意思。
3. attributed to：被认为是…的结果。此过去分词短语是risk reduction的定语。attribute sth. to…：把…归因于…，认为…是…的结果。
4. As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables. 由此他们断定，水果和蔬菜所起的积极作用不仅来自纤维，而且也来自抗氧化剂，因为无论水果还是蔬菜，其全果或汁液都含有这两种物质。这里要注意的是在语法结构上，fruits and vegetables offer是positive impact的定语从句，省略了关系代词that。
5. coronary heart disease (CHD)：冠状动脉性心脏病(冠心病)。但要注意，CHD 也可指先天性心脏病( congenital heart disease )。
6. inferior to：低于…的，次于…的，不如…的
7. it does go a long way：它的确对…有很大帮助。go a long/good way：大有帮助，很有效。此处does是起强调作用的助动词，接下来的 do play an important role中的 do也是这样。
8. in agreement with：与…一致
9. Juice Products Association：果汁产品协会
10. Alzheimer’s disease ( Alois Alzheimer )：阿尔茨海默病，早老性痴呆
11. International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition：国际食品科学与营养杂志
练习：
1. What on earth in both fruits and vegetables and their juices plays the most important role in reducing risk for diseases?
A) Proteins.
B) Vitamins.
C) Carbohydrates.
D) Fiber and antioxidant.
2. The judgment that fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial to reducing chronic disease development is ________.
A) evident
B) obvious
C) incorrect
D) conclusive
3. The review of the literature has documented the important role of fruit and vegetable juices in reducing the risk of various disease, ________ in particular.
A) lung problems
B) cancer and cardiovascular disease
C) stomach and intestine disorders
D) ear, nose and throat troubles
4. A large epidemiological study also found that using various 100% fruit and vegetable juices contributed to a reduced risk for ________.
A) Alzheimer’s disease
B) inherited disease
C) infectious disease
D) blood-transmitted disease
5. People who drink 3-4 servings of fruit and vegetable juices weekly may ________ risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease ________ those who drink only once a week.
A) have twenty-three percent higher, than
B) have three quarters lower, than
C) be one hundred and twenty-three percent as high, as
D) be one hundred and seventy-six percent as high, as
答案与题解：
1.分析文章标题：Fruit(水果， 成果) and vegetable(蔬菜) juices(汁) as beneficial to (对...有益的)health(健康) as (与...一样地...)fruits and veggies(蔬菜， 素食者)
分析：文章将讨论和分析为什么果汁和蔬菜汁与水果和蔬菜一样对健康有益
2.直接解题：
1. What on earth (究竟)in both fruits(水果) and vegetables(蔬菜) and their juices plays the most important role in (在...方面起着最重要的作用)reducing (减少)risk(风险， 冒险) for diseases(疾病)?
A) Proteins(蛋白质). 根据常识排除掉
B) Vitamins(维他命).
C) Carbohydrates(碳水化合物).
D) Fiber(纤维) and antioxidant(抗氧化剂).
1.D. 细节题。 利用备选项中的细节信息词作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：
A European study has revealed that 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices are as effective as their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts in reducing risk factors related to certain diseases. The conclusion is the result of the study designed to question traditional thinking that 100 percent juices play a less significant role in reducing risk for both cancer and cardiovascular disease than whole fruits and vegetables.
Juices are comparable in their ability to reduce risk compared to2 their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts, according to several researchers in the United Kingdom who conducted the literature review. The researchers(研究者) analyzed(分析) a variety of(各种各样的) studies(研究) that looked at (研究)risk reduction(减少) attributed to3 (被归因于...的)the effects(影响) of both fiber(纤维) and antioxidants(抗氧化剂). As a result(结果), they(指研究者) determined(确定， 决定) that the positive(积极地， 正极的) impact (影响)fruits and vegetables offer(提供) come not(不仅...而且...) from just the fiber(纤维) but also from antioxidants (抗氧化剂)which are present (出席的， 现存的)in both juice and the whole(完整的， 全部) fruits and vegetables.4
答案相关句说：降低患病危险性的作用应该归功于果汁和全果均含有的纤维和抗氧化剂。其它A、B、C三个选项文章均未提及。
2. The judgment(判断) that fruit and vegetable juices(汁) are less(不太，不(如)， 较少的，) beneficial to (对...有益的)reducing(减少) chronic(慢性的) disease(疾病) development (发展，患病)is ________.
A) evident(明显的)
B) obvious(明显的)
C) incorrect(不正确的)
D) conclusive(确实的， 决定性的)
2. C。 细节题。利用问题句中的细节信息词(chronic disease development)作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：
A European study has revealed that 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices are as effective as their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts in reducing risk factors related to certain diseases. The conclusion is the result of the study designed to question traditional thinking that 100 percent juices play a less significant role in reducing risk for both cancer and cardiovascular disease than whole fruits and vegetables.
Juices are comparable in their ability to reduce risk compared to2 their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts, according to several researchers in the United Kingdom who conducted the literature review. (第一题答案相关句) The researchers analyzed a variety of studies that looked at risk reduction attributed to3 the effects of both fiber and antioxidants. As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables.
(第3段)“When considering cancer and coronary heart disease5 prevention, there is no evidence that pure fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial than whole fruit and vegetables,” the researchers said. The researchers(研究者) added (增加， 补充说)that the positioning(决定...的位置) of juices as being nutritionally(在营养方面) inferior to (比...差)whole(整个的)fruits and vegetables in relationship to (关于， 涉及)chronic disease development is “unjustified(没有被证明是正确的)” and that policies(政策， 观点), which suggest(建议，显示) otherwise(不同地， 否则) about fruit and vegetable juices should be re-examined(再次检查).
答案相关句(第三段第二句)说：在与慢性病的发生的关系方面，认为果汁不如全果有营养的观点是“unjustified”(不正当)，也就是“不正确”( incorrect )。
3. The review(复习，评论) of the literature(文学， 文献)has documented (证明，文件)the important(重要的) role(作用， 角色) of fruit and vegetable juices in(在...方面) reducing(减少) the risk (风险)of various(各种各样的) disease(疾病), ________ in particular(特别地).
A) lung(肺) problems(问题)
B) cancer(癌症) and cardiovascular disease(心血管疾病)
C) stomach(胃) and intestine(肠) disorders(紊乱)
D) ear(耳朵), nose(鼻子) and throat(咽喉) troubles(疾病， 麻烦，故障)
3.B. 细节题。利用备选项中的细节信息词(黑色加粗字体)作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：
A European study has revealed that 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices are as effective as their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts in reducing risk factors related to certain diseases. The conclusion is the result of the study designed to question traditional thinking that 100 percent juices play a less significant role in reducing risk for both cancer and cardiovascular disease than whole fruits and vegetables.
Juices are comparable in their ability to reduce risk compared to2 their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts, according to several researchers in the United Kingdom who conducted the literature review. The researchers analyzed a variety of studies that looked at risk reduction attributed to3 the effects of both fiber and antioxidants. As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables.4
“When considering cancer and coronary heart disease5 prevention, there is no evidence that pure fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial than whole fruit and vegetables,” the researchers said.(第2题答案相关句) The researchers added that the positioning of juices as being nutritionally inferior to6 whole fruits and vegetables in relationship to chronic disease development is “unjustified” and that policies, which suggest otherwise about fruit and vegetable juices, should be re-examined.
(第4段)The researchers who authored the paper suggest that more studies in certain area are needed to bolster their findings. “Although(尽管) this independent(独立的) review of the literature (文献评论)is not designed to (被设计用于...)focus on(关注) any particular(特别的， 详细的) 100 percent juice, it does go a long way (的确大有帮助)in(在...方面) demonstrating(证明，示范) that fruit and vegetable juices do play an important role in (在...方面起着重要的作用)reducing(减少) the risk of various(各种各样的) diseases(疾病), especially(尤其是，该词是in particular的近义词) cancer and cardiovascular disease(选项B中的线索词),” said Sue Taylor. Her opinion is in agreement with8 the Juice Products Association,9 a non-profit organization not associated with this research. She added that appropriate amounts of juices should be included in the diet of both children and adults, following guidelines established by leading health authorities. Taylor also points to a large epidemiological study, published in the September 2006 issue of the Journal of Medicine, which found that consumption of a variety of 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices was associated with a reduced risk for Alzheimer’s disease.10
答案相关句(第四段第二句)说：果汁在降低患各种疾病中的确起着重要作用，尤其是癌症和心血管疾病。这里 in particular正是especially的意思。
4. A large(大的) epidemiological(流行病学的) study(研究) also found(发现) that using various(各种各样的) 100% fruit and vegetable juices contributed to (导致...)a reduced (减少的) risk(风险) for ________.
A) Alzheimer’s disease(早老性痴呆)
B) inherited(遗传的) disease
C) infectious disease(传染病)
D) blood-transmitted(被通过血液传染的) disease
4.A.细节题。利用问题句中的细节信息结构(epidemiological study)及备选项中的细节信息结构/特征结构(字体加粗文字)共同作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：
A European study has revealed that 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices are as effective as their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts in reducing risk factors related to certain diseases. The conclusion is the result of the study designed to question traditional thinking that 100 percent juices play a less significant role in reducing risk for both cancer and cardiovascular disease than whole fruits and vegetables.
Juices are comparable in their ability to reduce risk compared to2 their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts, according to several researchers in the United Kingdom who conducted the literature review. The researchers analyzed a variety of studies that looked at risk reduction attributed to3 the effects of both fiber and antioxidants. As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables.4
“When considering cancer and coronary heart disease5 prevention, there is no evidence that pure fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial than whole fruit and vegetables,” the researchers said. The researchers added that the positioning of juices as being nutritionally inferior to6 whole fruits and vegetables in relationship to chronic disease development is “unjustified” and that policies, which suggest otherwise about fruit and vegetable juices, should be re-examined.
(第4段)The researchers who authored the paper suggest that more studies in certain area are needed to bolster their findings. (第3题答案相关句)“Although this independent review of the literature is not designed to focus on any particular 100 percent juice, it does go a long way7 in demonstrating that fruit and vegetable juices do play an important role in reducing the risk of various diseases, especially cancer and cardiovascular disease,” said Sue Taylor. Her opinion is in agreement with8 the Juice Products Association,9 a non-profit organization not associated with this research. She added that appropriate amounts of juices should be included in the diet of both children and adults, following guidelines established by leading health authorities. Taylor also points to(指向/提到) a large epidemiological study(一项大型的流行病学研究),published(被发表) in the September 2006 issue(期，问题， 发行) of the Journal of Medicine(医学杂志), which found(发现) that consumption(消费) of a variety of (各种各样的)100 percent fruit and vegetable juices was associated with (与...相关)a reduced(减少的) risk for Alzheimer’s disease(早老性痴呆) .
In fact, that study found that individuals who drank three or more servings of fruit and vegetable juices per week had a 76 percent lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease than those who drank juice less than once per week. The study was published in the International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition11 (2006).
答案相关句(第四段最后一句)说：饮用果汁也与降低患早老性痴呆病的危险性有关。
5. People who drink 3-4 servings(份，服务) of fruit and vegetable juices weekly(每周的，每周地) may ________ risk(风险) of developing(患病) Alzheimer’s disease(早老性痴呆病) ________ those who drink only once a week(每周一次).
A) have twenty-three percent higher, than
B) have three quarters(3/4) lower, than
C) be one hundred and twenty-three percent as high, as
D) be one hundred and seventy-six percent as high, as
5.B细节题。利用问题句及被选项中的特征词语(含有数字的结构/字体加粗文字)作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：
A European study has revealed that 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices are as effective as their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts in reducing risk factors related to certain diseases. The conclusion is the result of the study designed to question traditional thinking that 100 percent juices play a less significant role in reducing risk for both cancer and cardiovascular disease than whole fruits and vegetables.
Juices are comparable in their ability to reduce risk compared to2 their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts, according to several researchers in the United Kingdom who conducted the literature review. The researchers analyzed a variety of studies that looked at risk reduction attributed to3 the effects of both fiber and antioxidants. As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables.4
“When considering cancer and coronary heart disease5 prevention, there is no evidence that pure fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial than whole fruit and vegetables,” the researchers said. The researchers added that the positioning of juices as being nutritionally inferior to6 whole fruits and vegetables in relationship to chronic disease development is “unjustified” and that policies, which suggest otherwise about fruit and vegetable juices, should be re-examined.
The researchers who authored the paper suggest that more studies in certain area are needed to bolster their findings. “Although this independent review of the literature is not designed to focus on any particular 100 percent juice, it does go a long way7 in demonstrating that fruit and vegetable juices do play an important role in reducing the risk of various diseases, especially cancer and cardiovascular disease,” said Sue Taylor. Her opinion is in agreement with8 the Juice Products Association,9 a non-profit organization not associated with this research. She added that appropriate amounts of juices should be included in the diet of both children and adults, following guidelines established by leading health authorities. Taylor also points to a large epidemiological study, published in the September 2006 issue of the Journal of Medicine, which found that consumption of a variety of 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices was associated with a reduced risk for Alzheimer’s disease.10
In fact(事实上), that study found(发现) that individuals(个人) who drank(饮用) three or more servings (份)of fruit and vegetable juices per week (每周)had a 76 percent (与选项B中数字3/4呼应)lower(更低的) risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease(早老性痴呆病) than those who drank juice less than(少于) once per week(每周). The study was published in the International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition11 (2006).
答案相关句(第五段第一句)说：每周喝3-4份蔬菜汁和果汁的人与每周只喝蔬菜汁和果汁不到一次的人相比，前者患早老性痴呆病的危险性下降了76%，76%就是3/4，因此B项是正确答案。A项是高出23%，c项是基本不喝的人的123%，D项是基本不喝的人的176%，均不正确。
