高中冠词讲解英语语法

冠词讲解英语语法冠词的用法在英语学习中较为复杂，千头万绪，尤其是惯用法，请同学们平时学习时注意积累。以下不过是谈谈冠词的一些常规的用法。

一、 不定冠词的用法：

1、 泛指人或事物的类别，相当于any, 如:

A hammer is tool. A steel worker makes steel.

2、 泛指某人或某物。

A boy is waiting for you. There is a book on your desk.

3、 表one或every。

We work 8 hours a day. I go home twice a month.

4、 表示the same 的意思。

Birds of a (= the same) feather flock together; people of a kind come together.

5、 用在不可数名词前

a)(用在物质名词前)一种，一份

A large coffee for me. It was a wonderful tea.

b)(用在某些表示风、雨等的名词前)

It was clear daylight now and a fine rain was falling. There is a cold wind this morning.

c)(用在抽象名词前)一种

That is a great disappointment. It’s a pleasure to work with you.

6、 (用在某些专有名词前)某个叫…的人，一张…的画，一个象…的人等。

I saw a Mrs. Smith on the 12th at 2:00. He had a Van Gogh in the dining-room.

What a strange London they saw! He’s a living Lei Feng.

7、 用于某些固定词组中。

a few, a little, a good many, a lot of, all of a sudden, as a rule, have a cold等。

8、 在元音音素开头的名词前应用an, 如an apple, an English book。要以发音为准，并非以元音字母而定。如a university, an hour, an “h”, an X-ray examination.

二、 定冠词的用法。

1、 表特定的或上文提到的人或物。

The boy likes the film. Shut the door, please.

The old poor peasant has a son. The son is a model worker.

2、 表示世界上独一无二的东西。

the earth, the moon, the stars, the sun(但space前不用)

3、 用在序数词、形容词或副词最高级前。

the second, the tallest, the last, the first.

4、 用在由普通名词构成的国家、党派或组织机构等的专有名词前。

the United States; the People’s Republic of China; the Communist Party of China; the Chinese People’s Liberation Army; the No. 15 Middle School; the department of Education.

5、 用在某些建筑物名称前。

The Great Hall of the People; the Monument to the People’s Heroes; the Great Wall; the Capital Theatre; the Space Museum; the Peace Hotel。

6、 用在江河海洋，山脉群岛，海峡海湾等专有名词前。

The Changjiang River, the Red Sea, the Dabie Mountains, the English Channel, the Taiwan Straits, the Persian Gulf。

7、 用在报纸、会议、条约等专有名词前。

the People’s Daily(但：China Daily) the New York Times, the 15th Party Congress, the Geneva Agreement

8、 用在方位名词前，某些习惯短语中或结构搭配中。

on the left, in the east, in the morning, on the other hand, in the end, hit sb on the head, catch sb by the arm

9、 用在形容词前表一类人。

the poor, the dead, the young, the rich, the wounded.

10、用在双方都知，不言而喻的名词前。

Give me the book. Who’s the man?

用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妇二人。

the Smiths, the Greens, the Wangs, the Turners

11、用在单数可数名词前泛指某类人或物(指整个一类)。

The horse is a useful animal.

The computer was invaded not long ago. (但更多时候表特指：The horse is ill. )

12、指世纪的年代。

in the 1890’s或in the 1890s

13、用在表示乐器的名词前。

play the piano (the guitar, the violin, the flute)

14、用在某国语言前，构成the … language的形式。

The English language is very widely used all over the world.

如果单用国家变来的语言名词形式，则不用the。

Chinese has the largest number of speakers in the world.

15、用于“论(或按)……计”之类的意思。

He got paid by the hour. They sell the cloth by the meter.

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