(一)表示因果关系

as a result He never studied hard, and as a result, he failed in the last examination.

as a result of He is late for work as a result of traffic accident.

Accordingly He wanted to buy a radio for study English, and accordingly her mother bought it for him.

because(of) We are delayed because of a traffic jam.

due to (因为，由于) His success is due to his excellent work.

owing to(因为，由于) Owing to his absence, our meeting is not held.

thanks to(由于，多亏了) Thanks to a good teacher, she passed the examination.

now that(既然) Now that you have grown up, you must earn for yourself.

so long as (只要) You could realize your dream so long as you try it again and again.

Since(既然) Since you are here now, you’d better give a hand.

in that(因为) The policy is harmful in that it may encourage people to give up.

so that(为了) The office speaks at the top of his voice so that every soldier could hear him.

Therefore(因此) There is a calculating mistake there; therefore, the answer is wrong.

(二)表示解释关系

as a matter of fact(事实上) I will go there this morning, as a matter of fact, I am only 10 minutes, drive from you.

as well (也) I will go there. My friend will go with me as well.

frankly speaking (坦诚地说) Frankly speaking, I am not very satisfactory with your words.

in this case (在这种情况下) In this case, I will go there as soon as possible.

(三)表示推理关系

or else(否则，不然) Hurry up, or else you’ll be late.

Otherwise (否则，不然) You must carry this passport, otherwise you will be stopped by the guard.

if so (如果这样) If so, it will make a great difference.

(四)表示递进关系