【易混辨析】

demand，request，require，ask

这四个动词均有“要求，请求”之意。

(1)demand 一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求，或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求。

(2)request是正式用词，指非常正式、有礼貌的请求或恳求，多含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。

(3)require强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求。

(4)ask属普通用词，指向对方提出要求或请求，长晚辈、上下级之间都可使用。

①She asked that she should be kept informed.

②The wearing of seat belts is required by law.

③All members of the club are requested to attend the annual meeting.

④The President demanded the release of the hostages.

【即境活用】

7.They demanded that the books ________ to the library at once.

A.return　　　　　　B.should return

C.be returned D.would be returned

解析：选C。demand 后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语应用“(should)+动词原形”形式，又因句中books与return之间存在被动关系，因此用被动语态。

8.It was demanded that we ________ in our papers before Friday.

A.handed B.hand

C.will hand D.have handed

解析：选B。此处是demand的被动结构，同样要求后面的从句谓语用(should)do形式。

5.have an effect on　对……产生影响

(回归课本P13)This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo.最后的这次经历对铁穆特欧产生了重大影响。

【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①Holding the Olympic Games has a good effect on the development of China.

举办奥运会对中国的发展有很好的影响。

②The medicine failed to take effect.这药没见效。

③A new system of taxation will come into effect/be brought into effect.一种新的税制将要实行。

【即境活用】

9.The talk between the headteacher and me had much effect ________ my study.

A.in B.on

C.to D.at

解析：选B。have much effect on“对……有很大影响”。

10.完成句子

The heavy snow ________________________ traffic on the freeway.

这场大雪对高速公路的交通产生巨大影响。

答案：had a great effect on

6.in response to　作为……的回应

(回归课本P18)I am writing in response to your advertisement for a temporary position as a waiter.

我现在写信是为了应聘你们登广告要招的临时服务生的工作。

【归纳总结】

【例句探源】

①The film star made no response to the question asked by that reporter.这位电影明星对那个记者的问题未作回答。

②(朗文P1681)The law was passed in response to public pressure.在公众压力下该法规获得通过。

③He responded to his boss，“I have given John a month’s notice.”

他回答老板：“我已经通知约翰一个月后他将被辞退。”