有机化学反应的方程式

一.取代反应

1.CH4+Cl2--光→CH3Cl+HCl

2.有机化学反应的方程式：C2H6+Cl2--光→C2H5Cl+HCl

3.C6H6+Br2—Fe→C6H5Br+HBr

4.C2H5OH+HBr--加热→C2H5Br+H2O

5.C6H6+HNO3--H2SO4水浴加热→C6H5NO2+H2O

6.C6H5Cl+H2O--NaOHCu,高温,加压→C6H5OH+HCl

7.C2H5Cl+H2O—NaOH→C2H5OH+HCl

8.CH3COOC2H5+H2O—稀硫酸,加热→CH3COOH+C2H5OH

9.(C17H35COO)3C3H5+3NaOH→C3H5(OH)3+3C17H35COOH

10.2CH3CH2OH+2Na→2CH3CH2ONa+H2

11.2C6H5OH+2Na→2C6H5ONa+H2↑

12.2CH3COOH+2Na→2CH3COONa+H2↑

(分子间脱水)C2H5OH+C2H5OH--浓H2SO4,140℃→C2H5OC2H5+H2O

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二.加成反应

13.CH2=CH2+H2→Ni,加热→CH3CH3

14.CH2=CH2+HCl--催化剂,加热→CH3CH2Cl

15.C2H2+H2--Ni,加热→CH2=CH2

16.C2H2+2H2--Ni,加热→CH3CH3

17.C2H2+2HCl--催化剂,加热→CH3CHCl2

18.CH2=CH-CH=CH2+Br2→CH2=CH-CHBr-CH2Br

19.CH2=CH-CH=CH2+Br2→CH2Br-CH=CH-CH2Br

20.CH2=CH-CH=CH2+2Br2→BrCH2-CHBr-CHBr-CH2Br

21.CH3CHO+H2–Ni→CH3CH2OH

22.CH2OH-(CHOH)4-CHO+H2--Ni→CH2OH-(CHOH)4-CH2OH

23.C6H6+3H2—Ni→C6H12(环己烷)

24.C6H6+3Cl2--光→C6H6Cl6

25.CH2=CH2+H2O--H2SO4,加热,加压→CH3CH2OH三.消去反应

26.CH3CH2OH--浓H2SO4,170℃→CH2=CH2↑+H2O

27.CH3CH2Br+NaOH--醇,加热→CH2=CH2↑+NaBr+H2O

四.酯化反应(取代反应)

28.CH3COOH+CH3CH2OH--浓H2SO4,加热→CH3COOC2H5+H2O

29.C3H5(OH)3+3HNO3--浓H2SO4→C3H5(ONO2)3+3H2O

五.水解(卤代烃、酯、油脂的水解见上,亦是取代反应)

30.CH3COONa+H2O→CH3COOH+NaOH

31.CH3CH2ONa+H2O→CH3CH2OH+NaOH

32.C6H5ONa+H2O→C6H5OH+NaOH

33.C17H35COONa+H2O→C17H35COOH+NaOH

34.(C6H10O5)n+nH2O--H2SO4,加热→nC6H12O6

六.氧化反应www.xuexidiyi.com

35.2C2H5OH+O2--Cu或Ag,加热→2CH3CHO+2H2O

36.C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+热

37.2CH3CHO+O2→2CH3COOH

38.CH3CHO+2[Ag(NH3)2]OH→CH3COONH4+2Ag↓+3NH3+H2O

39.CH3CHO+2Cu(OH)2加热→CH3COOH+Cu2O↓+2H2O

40.CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO+2[Ag(NH3)2]OH→CH2OH(CHOH)4COONH4+2Ag↓+3NH3+H2O

41.CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO+2Cu(OH)2--加热→CH2OH(CHOH)4COOH+Cu2O↓+2H2O

42.HCOOH+2[Ag(NH3)2]OH→NH4HCO3+2Ag↓+3NH3+H2O

43.HCOOH+2Cu(OH)2加热→CO2+Cu2O↓+3H2O

44.HCOONa+2[Ag(NH3)2]OH→NaHCO3+4NH3+2Ag↓+H2O

45.HCOONH4+2[Ag(NH3)2]OH→NH4HCO3+2Ag↓+4NH3+H2O

46.HCOOR+2[Ag(NH3)2]OH→NH4OCOOR+2Ag↓+3NH3+H2O

47.HCHO+2[Ag(NH3)2]OH→HCOONH4+2Ag↓+3NH3+H2O

48.HCHO+4[Ag(NH3)2]OH→NH4HCO3+4Ag↓+7NH3+2H2O

49.HCHO+4Cu(OH)2加热→CO2+2Cu2O↓+5H2O

七.还原反应

50.CH3COCH3+H2--Ni→CH3CHOHCH360.HCHO+H2--Ni→CH3OH

51.C6H5CH=CH2+4H2--Ni→C6H11CH2CH3

八.加聚反应

52.nCH2=CH2→[CH2-CH2]n

53.nCH3-CH=CH2→[CH-CH2]n

67.nCH2=C-COOCH3→[CH2-C]n

68.nCH2=C-CH=CH2→[CH2-C=CH-CH2]n

九.缩聚反应

氨基酸合成蛋白质

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